Oracle 视图 DBA_AUDIT_STATEMENT 官方解释,作用,如何使用详细说明

本站中文解释

审计语句视图

Oracle视图DBA_AUDIT_STATEMENT主要用于查询审计操作日志,实现发生在数据库中与审计安全相关的操作的记录,以帮助DBA安全管理。 如需使用DBA_AUDIT_STATEMENT,可以使用以下查询语句:

SELECT username, timestamp, returncode, statement
FROM dba_audit_statement
WHERE username =”
ORDER BY timestamp;

若要查看全部审计日志信息,可以使用以下查询语句:

SELECT *
FROM dba_audit_statement
ORDER BY timestamp;

官方英文解释

DBA_AUDIT_STATEMENT displays audit trail records for all GRANT, REVOKE, AUDIT, NOAUDIT, and ALTER SYSTEM statements in the database.

Note:

This view is relevant when using traditional auditing. Traditional auditing is deprecated in Oracle Database 21c. Oracle recommends that you instead use unified auditing, which enables selective and more effective auditing inside Oracle Database.

  • See Oracle Database Security
    Guide
    for more information about unified auditing.

  • See Oracle Database Upgrade
    Guide
    for more information about migrating to unified auditing.

This view is populated only in an Oracle Database where unified auditing is not enabled. When unified auditing is enabled in Oracle Database, the audit records are populated in the new audit trail and can be viewed from UNIFIED_AUDIT_TRAIL.

Related View

USER_AUDIT_STATEMENT displays audit trail records for the GRANT, REVOKE, AUDIT, NOAUDIT, and ALTER SYSTEM statements issued by the current user.

Column Datatype NULL Description

OS_USERNAME

VARCHAR2(255)

Operating system login username of the user whose actions were audited

USERNAME

VARCHAR2(128)

Name (not ID number) of the user whose actions were audited

USERHOST

VARCHAR2(128)

Client host machine name

TERMINAL

VARCHAR2(255)

Identifier of the user’s terminal

TIMESTAMP

DATE

Date and time of the creation of the audit trail entry (date and time of user login for entries created by AUDIT SESSION) in the local database session time zone

OWNER

VARCHAR2(128)

Creator of the object affected by the action

OBJ_NAME

VARCHAR2(128)

Name of the object affected by the action

ACTION_NAME

VARCHAR2(28)

Name of the action type corresponding to the numeric code in the ACTION column in DBA_AUDIT_TRAIL

NEW_NAME

VARCHAR2(128)

New name of an object after a RENAME or the name of the underlying object

OBJ_PRIVILEGE

VARCHAR2(32)

Object privileges granted or revoked by a GRANT or REVOKE statement. The value of this column is a 32-character string of Y and dash (-) characters. Each character corresponds to a numbered privilege in the following list. The left-most character corresponds to privilege 0, the next character corresponds to privilege 1, and so on. The right-most character corresponds to privilege 31.

  • 0 – ALTER
  • 1 – AUDIT
  • 2 – COMMENT
  • 3 – DELETE
  • 4 – GRANT
  • 5 – INDEX
  • 6 – INSERT
  • 7 – LOCK
  • 8 – CREATE
  • 9 – SELECT
  • 10 – UPDATE
  • 11 – REFERENCES
  • 12 – EXECUTE
  • 13 – VIEW
  • 14 – DROP
  • 15 – ANALYZE
  • 16 – CREATE
  • 17 – READ
  • 18 – WRITE
  • 19 – KEEP SEQUENCE
  • 20 – ENQUEUE
  • 21 – DEQUEUE
  • 22 – UNDER
  • 23 – ON COMMIT
  • 24 – REWRITE
  • 25 – UPSERT
  • 26 – DEBUG
  • 27 – FLASHBACK
  • 28 – MERGE
  • 29 – USE
  • 30 – FLASHBACK ARCHIVE
  • 31 – DIRECTORY EXECUTE

A Y indicates that the privilege was granted or revoked by the statement. A dash indicates that the privilege was not affected by the statement. For example, the following value indicates that the MERGE privilege was granted or revoked by the statement:

----------------------------Y---

SYS_PRIVILEGE

VARCHAR2(40)

System privileges granted or revoked by a GRANT or REVOKE statement

ADMIN_OPTION

VARCHAR2(1)

Signifies the role or system privilege was granted with the ADMIN option

GRANTEE

VARCHAR2(128)

Name of the grantee specified in a GRANT or REVOKE statement

AUDIT_OPTION

VARCHAR2(40)

Auditing option set with the AUDIT statement

SES_ACTIONS

VARCHAR2(19)

Session summary (a string of 16 characters, one for each action type in the order ALTER, AUDIT, COMMENT, DELETE, GRANT, INDEX, INSERT, LOCK, RENAME, SELECT, UPDATE, REFERENCES, and EXECUTE). Positions 14, 15, and 16 are reserved for future use. The characters are:

  • - – None

  • S – Success

  • F – Failure

  • B – Both

COMMENT_TEXT

VARCHAR2(4000)

Text comment on the audit trail, inserted by the application

SESSIONID

NUMBER

NOT NULL

Numeric ID for each Oracle session

ENTRYID

NUMBER

NOT NULL

Numeric ID for each audit trail entry in the session

STATEMENTID

NUMBER

NOT NULL

Numeric ID for each statement run

RETURNCODE

NUMBER

NOT NULL

Oracle error code generated by the action. Some useful values:

  • 0 – Action succeeded

  • 2004 – Security violation

PRIV_USED

VARCHAR2(40)

System privilege used to execute the action

CLIENT_ID

VARCHAR2(128)

Client identifier in each Oracle session

ECONTEXT_ID

VARCHAR2(64)

Application execution context identifier

SESSION_CPU

NUMBER

Amount of CPU time used by each Oracle session

EXTENDED_TIMESTAMP

TIMESTAMP(6) WITH TIME ZONE

Timestamp of the creation of the audit trail entry (timestamp of user login for entries created by AUDIT SESSION) in UTC (Coordinated Universal Time) time zone

PROXY_SESSIONID

NUMBER

Proxy session serial number, if an enterprise user has logged in through the proxy mechanism

GLOBAL_UID

VARCHAR2(32)

Global user identifier for the user, if the user has logged in as an enterprise user

INSTANCE_NUMBER

NUMBER

Instance number as specified by the INSTANCE_NUMBER initialization parameter

OS_PROCESS

VARCHAR2(16)

Operating System process identifier of the Oracle process

TRANSACTIONID

RAW(8)

Transaction identifier of the transaction in which the object is accessed or modified

SCN

NUMBER

System change number (SCN) of the query

SQL_BIND

NVARCHAR2(2000)

Bind variable data of the query

SQL_TEXT

NVARCHAR2(2000)

SQL text of the query

OBJ_EDITION_NAME

VARCHAR2(128)

Name of the edition containing the audited object

Note:

The SQL_BIND and SQL_TEXT columns are only populated if the AUDIT_TRAIL initialization parameter is set to db, extended.

See Also:

  • “AUDIT_TRAIL”

  • “USER_AUDIT_STATEMENT”


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