了解Linux下使用SFTP证书的方法 (linux sftp 证书)

Introduction:

Linux is one of the most popular operating systems in the world. It is an open-source system that offers a wide range of features and functionalities to its users. SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol) is a popular protocol for transferring files over a secure connection. In this article, we will discuss how to use SFTP certificates in Linux.

Part 1: Understanding SFTP Certificates

SFTP certificates are used to verify the identity of the server and the client during file transfers. They contn public and private key prs that are used to encrypt and decrypt data during the transfer process. SFTP certificates provide a secure way to transfer files over the internet, and they are widely used by businesses and individuals who need to transfer sensitive data.

Part 2: Creating SFTP Certificates in Linux

To create SFTP certificates in Linux, we need to follow the following steps:

Step 1: Install OpenSSH

OpenSSH is the open-source SSH protocol suite that provides encryption and secure communication over unsecured networks. To install OpenSSH in Linux, run the following command in the terminal:

sudo apt-get install openssh-server

Step 2: Generate SFTP Certificates

After installing OpenSSH, we need to generate SFTP certificates using the ssh-keygen command. The ssh-keygen command generates a public and private key pr for encryption and decryption purposes. To generate the SFTP certificates, run the following command in the terminal:

ssh-keygen

This will generate the SFTP certificates in the .ssh directory in the user’s home directory.

Step 3: Copy SFTP Certificates to the Server

After generating the SFTP certificates, we need to copy the public key to the server. To do this, we need to run the following command:

ssh-copy-id username@servername

Replace username and servername with the actual values of the username and server name.

Part 3: Using SFTP Certificates in Linux

To use SFTP certificates in Linux, we need to follow the following steps:

Step 1: Open the Terminal

To open the terminal in Linux, press Ctrl+Alt+T on the keyboard.

Step 2: Connect to the Server

To connect to the server, we need to run the following command:

sftp -i /path/to/private/key username@servername

Replace /path/to/private/key, username, and servername with the actual values of the private key, username, and server name.

Step 3: Transfer Files

After connecting to the server, we can transfer files using the SFTP protocol. To transfer a file, we need to run the following command:

put /path/to/local/file /path/to/remote/file

Replace /path/to/local/file and /path/to/remote/file with the actual values of the local and remote file path.

Part 4: Conclusion

Using SFTP certificates in Linux is a secure and easy way to transfer files over the internet. By creating SFTP certificates, we can encrypt the data during the transfer process and ensure that it is not intercepted by unauthorized users. Linux offers a wide range of tools and commands that make it easy for users to create and use SFTP certificates. By following the steps outlined in this article, you can easily create and use SFTP certificates in Linux.

相关问题拓展阅读:

linux的sftp命令

linux下sftp命令很多人都只是了解了语法却不知道具体用法,下面由我为大家整理了linux下sftp命令的相关知识,希望对大家有帮助!

  linux的sftp命令

.常用登陆方式:

  格式:sftp 《user》@《host》

  通过sftp连接《host》,端口为默认的22,指定用户《user》。

.查看sftp支持的命令

  使用help命令,查看支持的命令,如:

  sftp》help

  (其中命令前面有“l”表示本地执行,其他表示在所登录的远程主机上面执行)

.基本的使用

  sftp主要是用来传输文件的,包括上传文件(从本机到远程主机) ,下载文件(从远程主机到本机)。

  (1)文件下载

  get remote

  如:get test.cpp 。/Project/

  将远程当前目录下的文件test.cpp下载到本地当前目录的Project

文件夹

中。

  (2)文件上传

  put local

  如:put /home/liu/Software/RHEL_5.5\ x86_64.iso /home/xudong/Blog/

  将本地/home/liu/Software/目录下的ios文件传送到远程登陆主机的/home/xudong/Blog/目录下。

  (3)其他命令

  可以使用命令还是有几个的,如ls、lls;cd、lcd;pwd、lpwd等。具体查看help输出吧。

  sftp就是secure file transfer program,它基于ssh,用它在两个Linux系统间传递文档非常方便。

  要使用sftp传递文档,首先应该在服务器端打开ssh服务,如果没有打开,一般可以通过下面的命令打开:

  # /etc/init.d/sshd start

  然后就可以在客户端通过sftp登录服务器端进行文档传递操作,如下:

  $ sftp username@server_ip

  补充:Linux的sftp命令的参数说明

o 用来向ssh传递参数,比如-oPort=222,会告诉ssh使用连接服务器的2

22端口

,而不是默认的22端口。这个在遇到服务器端把ssh服务默认的22号端口改变的情况时会有用。

  后面的file1、file2代表文件名,也可以是一个目录。在没有指定文件时会打开一个交互界面,在交互界面下可以通过命令来传递文档。

  如:

  $ sftp -o port = 222

  Linux的sftp命令的命令说明

  在sftp命令的交互界面下,有很多命令可以用,比如:cd、ls、pwd、bye、chmod、chgrp、chown、df、get、help、mkdir等等。当然这些命令都是针对服务器端的操作,其中一些命令在加l前缀的情况下可以实现在本地下的操作。比如,lpwd命令会打印本地当前工作目录(即连接sftp前的当前工作目录)。这些命令中有两个是用来交换文档的,它们是get和put命令,如下:

  》 put local_path

  》 get remote_path

  put 命令会把本地文件或目录“推”到服务器端;get命令则把服务器端文件或目录“拉”下来。

Linux下如何进行SFTP用户权限设置

1、打开Linux文件查看有哪些权限。

2、使用chown 命令,修改文件test1.txt的所有者为demo1_1,所有组为group_1。使用chmod 命令,修改文件权限为 0750(- rwx r-x r-x)。

3、切换用户demo2,对文件test1.txt,应该没有任何权限。

4、切换用户demo1_1,对文件test1.txt,应该有所有权限。

5、权限修改完成。

注意事项:

Linux用户分三种,超级用户,普通用户,伪用户,超级用户拥有所有权限,伪用户一般和进程相关,无需登录樱薯野陆系统,所以常说的管理用户权限指脊脊者的是管理Linux中普通用户的权限。

linux下sftp连接失败Host key verification failed

问题描述:

linux重装系统后,通过另一台服务器连接此服务器报错

问题原因:

RSA host key for 121.41.12.234 has changed and you have requested strict checking.

Host key verification failed.

重装系统后修改了密码,而ssh会把每次访问过的计算机的公钥都保存在~/.ssh/known_hosts文件中,当下次访问同样的计算机时,openssh会核对公钥,如果公钥不对,会发出警告;

解决问题:

1、打开~/.ssh/known_hosts文件,然后找到对应ip的记录,删除;

2、ssh-keygen -R +ip ;

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