如何在 Linux 中跳出当前用户名和密码 (linux 跳出当前用户名和密码)
How to Switch User and Password in Linux
Linux is an open source operating system known for its robustness, security features, and flexibility. It offers a wide range of tools and functionalities for managing user accounts and passwords, including switching users and passwords. In this article, we will explore how to switch user and password in Linux.
1. Switching Users in Linux
Switching user in Linux allows you to log in to a different account on the same machine without logging out of your current account. This is useful when you want to access another user’s files, run a command as another user, or test the access levels of a particular user. There are two ways to switch user in Linux: using the su (substitute user) command or the sudo (superuser do) command.
Using the su Command
The su command allows you to switch to another user account by entering the desired username and password. You can use the su command to switch to any user account on the system, including the root user account, which has full administrative privileges.
To switch to another user account using the su command, open the terminal and type the following command:
su username
Replace “username” with the username of the account you want to switch to. You will be prompted to enter the password for that user account.
After entering the correct password, you will be logged in as the specified user. You can now perform tasks as that user, such as accessing files or running commands.
To switch back to your original account, simply type the exit command or press CTRL-D. This will terminate the current user session and return you to the previous user session.
Using the Sudo Command
The sudo command is another way to switch user in Linux, but it grants temporary administrative privileges to the user instead of completely changing to a different account.
To switch to another user account using the sudo command, open the terminal and type the following command:
sudo su username
Replace “username” with the username of the account you want to switch to. You will be prompted to enter the password for your current user account.
After entering the correct password, you will be granted temporary administrative privileges as the specified user. You can now perform tasks as that user, such as accessing files or running commands. When you are finished, simply type the exit command or press CTRL-D to terminate the current user session and return to your original account.
2. Changing Passwords in Linux
Changing your password periodically ensures the security of your Linux system. It is also advisable to change your password if you suspect that someone else has access to your account password. There are different tools and methods to change passwords in Linux, depending on the Linux distribution and the user account type.
Using the passwd Command
The passwd command is the most common tool for changing passwords in Linux. It allows a user to change their own password or the password of another user.
To change your own password using the passwd command, open the terminal and type the following command:
passwd
You will be prompted to enter your current password and then the new password twice. Note that Linux passwords are case-sensitive and should be at least eight characters long, including letters, numbers, and special characters.
To change another user’s password using the passwd command, open the terminal and type the following command:
sudo passwd username
Replace “username” with the username of the account whose password you want to change. You will be prompted to enter the password for your current user account and then the new password twice for the specified user.
Using the Usermod Command
The usermod command is another tool for changing passwords in Linux. It allows you to modify user account information, including resetting the password.
To reset a user’s password using the usermod command, open the terminal and type the following command:
sudo usermod –password “$(openssl passwd -1 newpassword)” username
Replace “newpassword” with the desired password and “username” with the username of the account whose password you want to change.
Conclusion
In this article, we have explored how to switch user and password in Linux using different tools and methods. Switching user in Linux allows you to log in to a different account on the same machine without logging out of your current account, while changing passwords ensures the security of your Linux system. By knowing how to switch user and password in Linux, you can maximize the benefits and flexibility of this powerful operating system.
相关问题拓展阅读：
怎么linux6.0装好后要用户名和密码
用户名是：root
密码是腔手毕：root
因为这是LINUX 安装是默伍芹认的（超级用薯脊户）
虚拟机linux系统用户名和密码忘了怎么办，有图文病猫的吗，我很笨的
你可以百度 单用户模式进入操作系统
修改root密码
在使用linux时，可能会碰到root密码忘记的情况，这时我们可以通过如下操作来重设root密码，这种操作只能在本地机上来进行，那些裤手派想试图通过网络来修改的就不要有非分之想了。
在服务器开机运行到Grub画面是，按E键进入登陆选择项，其中有三项：
root(hd0,0)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.4.21-15 EL ro root=LABEL=/
initrd /initrd-2.4.21-15 EL.img
将光标移到第二项，然后再次按E键，在出现的界面里面最下面一行是：
Grub edit > kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.4.21-15.EL ro root=LABEL=/
在ro之前添加 single ，或者在这行后加薯散一个空格再输入1，这两个操作任何一个都可以即：
Grub edit > kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.4.21-15.EL single ro root=LABEL=/
或者
Grub edit > kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.4.21-15.EL ro root=LABEL=/ 1
然后按回车返回刚才的Grub登陆选择界面，在第二项上按B键。即可直接进入Linux命令行，然后键入 passwd root 即可修改root用户的密码。再reboot重新启动计算机就可以了。
(一)Linux 系统密码破解
1.在grub选项菜单按E进入编辑模式
2.编辑kernel那行 /init 1 (或/single)
3.按B重启
4.进入后执行下列命令
root@#passwd root (设置root的密码)
Enter new unix password:输入新的密码
root@#init 6
(二)debian linux 系统密码破解
1.在grub选项菜单\’Debian GNU/Linux,…(recovery mode)\’，按e进入编辑模式
2.编辑kernel那行最后面的 ro single 改成 rw single init=/bin/bash，按b执行重启
3.进入后执行下列命令
root@(none)#mount -a
root@(none)#passwd root
root@(none)#reboot
(三)Freebsd 系统密码破解
1.开机进入引导菜单
2.选择每项(按4)进入单用户模式
3.进入之后输入一列命令
root@#mount -a
root@#fsck -y
root@#passwd(修改密码命令)
root@#root(要破解密码的用户名)
Enter new unix password:
root@#init 6 (重启)
(四)Solaris 系统密码破解
1.在grub选项菜中选择solaris failasfe 项
2.系统提示Do you wish to have it mounted read-write on /a ? 选择y
3.就进入单用户模式
4.输入下列命令
#passwd
#New passwd:输入新的密码
#Re-enter New passwd:在次输入新的密码
#init 6 (重启)
(五)NetBsd 系统密码破解
1.开机：当出现提示符号并开始倒数五秒时， 键入以下指令：
> boot -s (进入单用户模式命令)
2.在以下的提示符号中
Enter pathname of shell or RETURN for sh:
按下 Enter。
3.键入以下指令：
# mount -a
# fsck -y
4.使用 passwd 更改 root 的密码。
5.使用 exit 指令进入胡贺多人模式。
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