Oracle移动数据文件不停机和停机两种方式详解

–开启归档模式
SQL> archive log list
Database log mode No Archive Mode
Automatic archival Disabled
Archive destination /archivelog
Oldest online log sequence 1
Current log sequence 2
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1603411968 bytes
Fixed Size 2253664 bytes
Variable Size 452988064 bytes
Database Buffers 1140850688 bytes
Redo Buffers 7319552 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database archivelog;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
–offline数据文件
SQL> /
FILE# NAME STATUS
———- ———————————————————— ——-
1 /oradata/orcl11g/system01.dbf SYSTEM
2 /oradata/orcl11g/sysaux01.dbf ONLINE
3 /oradata/orcl11g/undotbs01.dbf ONLINE
4 /oradata/orcl11g/users01.dbf ONLINE
5 /oradata/orcl11g/example01.dbf ONLINE
6 /oradata/orcl11g/test01.dbf ONLINE
7 /oradata/ORCL11G/datafile/o1_mf_test_j7jgpq7k_.dbf ONLINE
7 rows selected.
SQL> alter database datafile 7 offline;
Database altered.
–物理层移动数据文件
SQL> !mv /oradata/ORCL11G/datafile/o1_mf_test_j7jgpq7k_.dbf /oradata/orcl11g/test02.dbf
SQL> !ls /oradata/orcl11g/test02.dbf
/oradata/orcl11g/test02.dbf
–逻辑层rename数据文件
SQL> alter database rename file ‘/oradata/ORCL11G/datafile/o1_mf_test_j7jgpq7k_.dbf’ to ‘/oradata/orcl11g/test02.dbf’;
Database altered.
–恢复数据文件
SQL> recover datafile 7;
Media recovery complete.
–online数据文件
SQL> alter database datafile 7 online;
Database altered.
SQL> select file#,name,status from v$datafile;
FILE# NAME STATUS
———- ———————————————————— ——-
1 /oradata/orcl11g/system01.dbf SYSTEM
2 /oradata/orcl11g/sysaux01.dbf ONLINE
3 /oradata/orcl11g/undotbs01.dbf ONLINE
4 /oradata/orcl11g/users01.dbf ONLINE
5 /oradata/orcl11g/example01.dbf ONLINE
6 /oradata/orcl11g/test01.dbf ONLINE
7 /oradata/orcl11g/test02.dbf ONLINE
7 rows selected.

–创建一个TEST表空间，发现建在了/oradata/ORCL11G/下，希望移动到/oradata/orcl11g/下
SQL> create tablespace TEST;
Tablespace created.
SQL> select name from v$datafile;
NAME
——————————————————————————–
/oradata/orcl11g/system01.dbf
/oradata/orcl11g/sysaux01.dbf
/oradata/orcl11g/undotbs01.dbf
/oradata/orcl11g/users01.dbf
/oradata/orcl11g/example01.dbf
/oradata/ORCL11G/datafile/o1_mf_test_j7jfm30c_.dbf
–尝试在线移动数据文件
SQL> alter database rename file ‘/oradata/ORCL11G/datafile/o1_mf_test_j7jfm30c_.dbf’ to ‘/oradata/orcl11g/test01.dbf’;
alter database rename file ‘/oradata/ORCL11G/datafile/o1_mf_test_j7jfm30c_.dbf’ to ‘/oradata/orcl11g/test01.dbf’
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01511: error in renaming log/data files
ORA-01121: cannot rename database file 6 – file is in use or recovery
ORA-01110: data file 6: ‘/oradata/ORCL11G/datafile/o1_mf_test_j7jfm30c_.dbf’
–报错ORA-01121
[oracle@orcl11g:/home/oracle]$ oerr ORA 01121
01121, 00000, “cannot rename database file %s – file is in use or recovery”
// *Cause: Attempted to use ALTER DATABASE RENAME to rename a
// datafile that is online in an open instance or is being recovered.
// *Action: Close database in all instances and end all recovery sessions.

–操作系统层面移动数据文件，并且重命名
[oracle@orcl11g:/oradata/ORCL11G/datafile]$ ll
total 102408
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 104865792 Apr 15 20:55 o1_mf_test_j7jfm30c_.dbf
[oracle@orcl11g:/oradata/ORCL11G/datafile]$ mv o1_mf_test_j7jfm30c_.dbf /oradata/orcl11g/
control01.ctl example01.dbf redo01.log redo02.log redo03.log sysaux01.dbf system01.dbf temp01.dbf undotbs01.dbf users01.dbf
[oracle@orcl11g:/oradata/ORCL11G/datafile]$ mv o1_mf_test_j7jfm30c_.dbf /oradata/orcl11g/test01.dbf
[oracle@orcl11g:/oradata/ORCL11G/datafile]$ ll /oradata/orcl11g/test01.dbf
–开启数据库到mount
SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1603411968 bytes
Fixed Size 2253664 bytes
Variable Size 452988064 bytes
Database Buffers 1140850688 bytes
Redo Buffers 7319552 bytes
Database mounted.
–rename数据文件名称
SQL> select name from v$datafile;
NAME
——————————————————————————–
/oradata/orcl11g/system01.dbf
/oradata/orcl11g/sysaux01.dbf
/oradata/orcl11g/undotbs01.dbf
/oradata/orcl11g/users01.dbf
/oradata/orcl11g/example01.dbf
/oradata/ORCL11G/datafile/o1_mf_test_j7jfm30c_.dbf
6 rows selected.
SQL> alter database rename file ‘/oradata/ORCL11G/datafile/o1_mf_test_j7jfm30c_.dbf’ to ‘/oradata/orcl11g/test01.dbf’;
Database altered.
SQL> select name from v$datafile;
NAME
——————————————————————————–
/oradata/orcl11g/system01.dbf
/oradata/orcl11g/sysaux01.dbf
/oradata/orcl11g/undotbs01.dbf
/oradata/orcl11g/users01.dbf
/oradata/orcl11g/example01.dbf
/oradata/orcl11g/test01.dbf
6 rows selected.
–开启数据库
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.

ALTER DATABASE MOVE DATAFILE ( ‘filename’ | ‘ASM_filename’ | file_number )
[ TO ( ‘filename’ | ‘ASM_filename’ ) ]
[ REUSE ] [ KEEP ]