详解apache编译安装httpd-2.4.54及三种风格的init程序特点和区别

[root@lnh ~]# mkdir xbz
[root@lnh ~]# cd xbz/
[root@lnh xbz]# dnf -y install gcc gcc-c++ make wget
[root@lnh xbz]# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/apache/httpd/httpd-2.4.54.tar.gz
[root@lnh xbz]# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/apache/apr/apr-1.7.0.tar.gz
[root@lnh xbz]# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
[root@lnh xbz]# ls
apr-1.7.0.tar.gz apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz httpd-2.4.54.tar.gz

[root@lnh xbz]# ls
apr-1.7.0.tar.gz apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz httpd-2.4.54.tar.gz
[root@lnh xbz]# tar -xf apr-1.7.0.tar.gz
[root@lnh xbz]# ls
apr-1.7.0 apr-1.7.0.tar.gz apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz httpd-2.4.54.tar.gz
//将apr解压到当前目录
[root@lnh xbz]# cd apr-1.7.0/
[root@lnh apr-1.7.0]# ls
apr-config.in build-outputs.mk helpers misc strings
apr.dep CHANGES include mmap support
apr.dsp CMakeLists.txt libapr.dep network_io tables
apr.dsw config.layout libapr.dsp NOTICE test
apr.mak configure libapr.mak NWGNUmakefile threadproc
apr.pc.in configure.in libapr.rc passwd time
apr.spec docs LICENSE poll tools
atomic dso locks random user
build emacs-mode Makefile.in README
build.conf encoding Makefile.win README.cmake
buildconf file_io memory shmem
//进入这个源码包可以看见里面被解压出来的东西
[root@lnh apr-1.7.0]# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/src/apr
…
configure: creating ./config.status
config.status: creating Makefile
config.status: creating include/apr.h
config.status: creating build/apr_rules.mk
config.status: creating build/pkg/pkginfo
config.status: creating apr-1-config
config.status: creating apr.pc
config.status: creating test/Makefile
config.status: creating test/internal/Makefile
config.status: creating include/arch/unix/apr_private.h
config.status: executing libtool commands
rm: cannot remove ‘libtoolT’: No such file or directory
config.status: executing default commands
//生成Makefile
一般常用的有 –prefix=PREFIX 这个选项的意思是定义软件包安装到哪里
建议，源码包都是安装在/opt/目录下或者/usr/local/src目录下面
[root@lnh apr-1.7.0]# make
…
gcc -E -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -I./include -I/root/xbz/apr-1.7.0/include/arch/unix -I./include/arch/unix -I/root/xbz/apr-1.7.0/include/arch/unix -I/root/xbz/apr-1.7.0/include -I/root/xbz/apr-1.7.0/include/private -I/root/xbz/apr-1.7.0/include/private export_vars.c | sed -e ‘s/^\#[^!]*//’ | sed -e ‘/^$/d’ >> apr.exp
sed ‘s,^\(location=\).*$,\1installed,’ < apr-1-config > apr-config.out
sed -e ‘s,^\(apr_build.*=\).*$,\1/usr/local/src/apr/build-1,’ -e ‘s,^\(top_build.*=\).*$,\1/usr/local/src/apr/build-1,’ < build/apr_rules.mk > build/apr_rules.out
make[1]: Leaving directory ‘/root/xbz/apr-1.7.0’
//编译生成Makefile，此处虽然出现了make[1]: Leaving directory ‘/root/xbz/apr-1.7.0’，但是没关系可以继续进行下一步安装
[root@lnh apr-1.7.0]# make install
…
/usr/bin/install -c -m 755 /root/xbz/apr-1.7.0/build/mkdir.sh /usr/local/src/apr/build-1
for f in make_exports.awk make_var_export.awk; do \
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 /root/xbz/apr-1.7.0/build/${f} /usr/local/src/apr/build-1; \
done
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 build/apr_rules.out /usr/local/src/apr/build-1/apr_rules.mk
/usr/bin/install -c -m 755 apr-config.out /usr/local/src/apr/bin/apr-1-config
//进行安装
[root@lnh apr-1.7.0]# cd /usr/local/src/apr/
[root@lnh apr]# ls
bin build-1 include lib
//进入apr的路径进行查看，默认情况下，系统搜索库文件的路径只有/lib，/usr/lib，我们需要进行修改在/etc/ld.so.conf.d/中创建以.conf为后缀名的文件，而后把要增添的路径直接写至此文件中。此时库文件增添的搜索路径重启后有效，若要使用增添的路径立即生效则要使用ldconfig命令
[root@lnh apr]# cd /etc/ld.so.conf.d/
[root@lnh ld.so.conf.d]# echo /usr/local/src/apr/lib/ >apr.conf
[root@lnh ld.so.conf.d]# cd –
/usr/local/src/apr
//切换到前一个工作目录
[root@lnh apr]# ldconfig
//使命令生效
[root@lnh apr]# ln -s /usr/local/src/apr/include/ /usr/include/apr
[root@lnh apr]# ll /usr/include/apr/
total 4
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jul 12 20:18 apr-1
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 27 Jul 12 20:44 include -> /usr/local/src/apr/include/
将头文件软链接到/usr/include目录下

[root@lnh xbz]# dnf -y install expat-devel libxml2-devel pcre-devel
//需要先安装这个依赖
[root@lnh xbz]# ls
apr-1.7.0 apr-1.7.0.tar.gz apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz httpd-2.4.54.tar.gz
[root@lnh xbz]# tar -xf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
[root@lnh xbz]# ls
apr-1.7.0 apr-util-1.6.1 httpd-2.4.54.tar.gz
apr-1.7.0.tar.gz apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
//解压到当前目录
[root@lnh xbz]# cd apr-util-1.6.1/
[root@lnh apr-util-1.6.1]# ls
aprutil.dep CHANGES include NWGNUmakefile
aprutil.dsp CMakeLists.txt ldap README
aprutil.dsw config.layout libaprutil.dep README.cmake
aprutil.mak configure libaprutil.dsp README.FREETDS
apr-util.pc.in configure.in libaprutil.mak redis
apr-util.spec crypto libaprutil.rc renames_pending
apu-config.in dbd LICENSE strmatch
buckets dbm Makefile.in test
build docs Makefile.win uri
build.conf encoding memcache xlate
buildconf export_vars.sh.in misc xml
build-outputs.mk hooks NOTICE
//进入源码包查看被解压出来的东西
[root@lnh apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/src/apr-util –with-apr=/usr/local/src/apr
…
configure: creating ./config.status
config.status: creating Makefile
config.status: creating export_vars.sh
config.status: creating build/pkg/pkginfo
config.status: creating apr-util.pc
config.status: creating apu-1-config
config.status: creating include/private/apu_select_dbm.h
config.status: creating include/apr_ldap.h
config.status: creating include/apu.h
config.status: creating include/apu_want.h
config.status: creating test/Makefile
config.status: creating include/private/apu_config.h
config.status: executing default commands
//生成Makefile文件，需要伴随着上一个指定的依赖
[root@lnh apr-util-1.6.1]# make
…
gcc -E -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -I/root/xbz/apr-util-1.6.1/include -I/root/xbz/apr-util-1.6.1/include/private -I/usr/local/src/apr/include/apr-1 exports.c | grep “ap_hack_” | sed -e ‘s/^.*[)]\(.*\);$/\1/’ >> aprutil.exp
gcc -E -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -I/root/xbz/apr-util-1.6.1/include -I/root/xbz/apr-util-1.6.1/include/private -I/usr/local/src/apr/include/apr-1 export_vars.c | sed -e ‘s/^\#[^!]*//’ | sed -e ‘/^$/d’ >> aprutil.exp
sed ‘s,^\(location=\).*$,\1installed,’ < apu-1-config > apu-config.out
make[1]: Leaving directory ‘/root/xbz/apr-util-1.6.1’
//编译生成的Makefile文件，出现make[1]: Leaving directory ‘/root/xbz/apr-util-1.6.1’这个没有关系可以继续进行下一步安装
[root@lnh apr-util-1.6.1]# make install
…
See any operating system documentation about shared libraries for
more information, such as the ld(1) and ld.so(8) manual pages.
———————————————————————-
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 aprutil.exp /usr/local/src/apr-util/lib
/usr/bin/install -c -m 755 apu-config.out /usr/local/src/apr-util/bin/apu-1-config
//进行安装
[root@lnh apr-util-1.6.1]# cd /usr/local/src/apr-util/
[root@lnh apr-util]# ls
bin include lib
//切换到apr-util安装目录进行查看，默认情况下，系统搜索库文件的路径只有/lib，/usr/lib，我们需要进行修改在/etc/ld.so.conf.d/中创建以.conf为后缀名的文件，而后把要增添的路径直接写至此文件中。此时库文件增添的搜索路径重启后有效，若要使用增添的路径立即生效则要使用ldconfig命令
[root@lnh apr-util]# cd /etc/ld.so.conf.d/
[root@lnh ld.so.conf.d]# echo /usr/local/src/apr-util/ >apr-util.conf
[root@lnh ld.so.conf.d]# cd –
/usr/local/src/apr-util
//切换到上一个工作目录
[root@lnh apr-util]# ln -s /usr/local/src/apr-util/include/ /usr/include/apr
-util
//将头文件软链接到/usr/include目录下

[root@lnh xbz]# tar -xf httpd-2.4.54.tar.gz
[root@lnh xbz]# ls
apr-1.7.0 apr-util-1.6.1 httpd-2.4.54
apr-1.7.0.tar.gz apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz httpd-2.4.54.tar.gz
//解压到当前目录
[root@lnh xbz]# cd httpd-2.4.54/
[root@lnh httpd-2.4.54]# ls
ABOUT_APACHE CMakeLists.txt InstallBin.dsp README
acinclude.m4 config.layout LAYOUT README.CHANGES
Apache-apr2.dsw configure libhttpd.dep README.cmake
Apache.dsw configure.in libhttpd.dsp README.platforms
apache_probes.d docs libhttpd.mak ROADMAP
ap.d emacs-style LICENSE server
build httpd.dep Makefile.in srclib
BuildAll.dsp httpd.dsp Makefile.win support
BuildBin.dsp httpd.mak modules test
buildconf httpd.spec NOTICE VERSIONING
CHANGES include NWGNUmakefile
changes-entries INSTALL os
//查看被解压出来的东西
[root@lnh httpd-2.4.54]# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/src/httpd –with-apr=/usr/local/src/apr –with-apr-util=/usr/local/src/apr-util
…
config.status: creating build/config_vars.sh
config.status: creating include/ap_config_auto.h
config.status: executing default commands
configure: summary of build options:

Server Version: 2.4.54
Install prefix: /usr/local/src/httpd
C compiler: gcc
CFLAGS: -g -O2 -pthread
CPPFLAGS: -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE
LDFLAGS:
LIBS:
C preprocessor: gcc -E

//生成Makefile文件
[root@lnh httpd-2.4.54]# make
…
/usr/local/src/apr/build-1/libtool –silent –mode=link gcc -g -O2 -pthread -o mod_rewrite.la -rpath /usr/local/src/httpd/modules -module -avoid-version mod_rewrite.lo
make[4]: Leaving directory ‘/root/xbz/httpd-2.4.54/modules/mappers’
make[3]: Leaving directory ‘/root/xbz/httpd-2.4.54/modules/mappers’
make[2]: Leaving directory ‘/root/xbz/httpd-2.4.54/modules’
make[2]: Entering directory ‘/root/xbz/httpd-2.4.54/support’
make[2]: Leaving directory ‘/root/xbz/httpd-2.4.54/support’

make[1]: Leaving directory ‘/root/xbz/httpd-2.4.54’
//编译生成Makefile文件，出现的一些没有读取到的问题没有关系，继续进行下一步
[root@lnh httpd-2.4.54]# make install
…
Installing man pages and online manual
mkdir /usr/local/src/httpd/man
mkdir /usr/local/src/httpd/man/man1
mkdir /usr/local/src/httpd/man/man8
mkdir /usr/local/src/httpd/manual
make[1]: Leaving directory ‘/root/xbz/httpd-2.4.54’
//进行安装
[root@lnh httpd-2.4.54]# cd /usr/local/src/httpd/
[root@lnh httpd]# ls
bin cgi-bin error icons logs manual
build conf htdocs include man modules
//切换到httpd的安装目录进行查看，默认情况下，系统搜索库文件的路径只有/lib，/usr/lib
[root@lnh httpd]# ln -s /usr/local/src/httpd/include/ /usr/include/httpd
[root@lnh httpd]# ll /usr/include/httpd
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 29 Jul 12 21:23 /usr/include/httpd -> /usr/local/src/httpd/include/
//将头文件软链接到/usr/include目录下
[root@lnh httpd]# echo “export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/src/httpd/bin” > /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
[root@lnh httpd]# source /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
//配置httpd的全局环境变量，并生成效果
[root@lnh httpd]# which httpd
/usr/local/src/httpd/bin/httpd
[root@lnh httpd]# vim /etc/man_db.conf
MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/share/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/local/share/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/local/src/httpd/man
//添加后面这一行
[root@lnh ~]# httpd
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server’s fully qualified domain name, using fe80::20c:29ff:fe57:f6f5%ens33. Set the ‘ServerName’ directive globally to suppress this message
httpd (pid 35719) already running
//启动服务
[root@lnh ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
//查看端口
[root@lnh ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
//关闭防火墙

checking for APR… no
configure: error: APR not found. Please read the documentation.
//解决方案
[root@lnh xbz]# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/apache/apr/apr-1.7.0.tar.gz
[root@lnh xbz]# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
提前把这两个依赖包安装好才可以进行生成Makefile文件

无法进行生成两个依赖包的Makefile文件
//解决方案
[root@lnh xbz]# dnf -y install gcc gcc-c++ make wget
提前下载编译工具