C 嵌入式Oracle驱动实时数据应用开发(C 嵌入式oracle)

C 嵌入式Oracle驱动实时数据应用开发

在嵌入式系统的开发中,实时性一直是一个重要的问题。Oracle数据库系统几乎被所有企业所使用,因此在嵌入式系统中使用Oracle数据库是一个很常见的需求。本文将介绍如何使用C编写嵌入式Oracle驱动程序,实现实时数据应用开发。

1.准备工作

在开始实时数据应用开发前,需要安装Oracle数据库和Oracle ODBC驱动程序。此外,需要安装C开发环境,如Cygwin或MinGW。

2.连接Oracle数据库

连接Oracle数据库需要使用ODBC驱动程序。ODBC驱动程序提供了一种通用的接口来连接和处理关系型数据库。在本文中,使用Oracle ODBC驱动程序来连接Oracle数据库。以下是Oracle ODBC驱动程序的连接接口:

“`C

SQLRETURN SQLAllocHandle(SQLSMALLINT HandleType, SQLHANDLE InputHandle, SQLHANDLE *OutputHandlePtr);

SQLRETURN SQLSetEnvAttr(SQLHENV EnvironmentHandle, SQLINTEGER Attribute, SQLPOINTER Value, SQLINTEGER Length);

SQLRETURN SQLAllocConnect(SQLHENV EnvironmentHandle, SQLHDBC *ConnectionHandlePtr);

SQLRETURN SQLDriverConnect(SQLHDBC ConnectionHandle, SQLHWND WindowHandle, SQLCHAR *InConnectionString,

SQLSMALLINT StringLength1, SQLCHAR *OutConnectionString, SQLSMALLINT BufferLength,

SQLSMALLINT *StringLength2Ptr, SQLUSMALLINT DriverCompletion);

SQLRETURN SQLAllocStmt(SQLHDBC ConnectionHandle, SQLHSTMT *StatementHandlePtr);

SQLRETURN SQLExecDirect(SQLHSTMT StatementHandle, SQLCHAR *StatementText, SQLINTEGER TextLength);

SQLRETURN SQLBindCol(SQLHSTMT StatementHandle, SQLUSMALLINT ColumnNumber, SQLSMALLINT TargetType,

SQLPOINTER TargetValuePtr, SQLINTEGER BufferLength, SQLINTEGER *StrLen_or_IndPtr);

SQLRETURN SQLFetch(SQLHSTMT StatementHandle);

SQLRETURN SQLFreeHandle(SQLSMALLINT HandleType, SQLHANDLE Handle);


3.创建表

在Oracle数据库中创建一张表,以便向其中添加数据。以下是创建表的SQL语句:

```SQL
CREATE TABLE employees
(
id NUMBER(5),
name VARCHAR2(50),
age NUMBER(3),
salary NUMBER(10,2),
hire_date DATE
);

4.向表中添加数据

使用以下的函数来向表中添加数据:

“`C

SQLRETURN SQLPrepare(SQLHSTMT StatementHandle, SQLCHAR *StatementText, SQLINTEGER TextLength);

SQLRETURN SQLBindParameter(SQLHSTMT StatementHandle, SQLUSMALLINT ParameterNumber, SQLSMALLINT ValueType,

SQLSMALLINT ParameterType, SQLULEN LengthPrecision, SQLSMALLINT ParameterScale, SQLPOINTER ParameterValue,

SQLLEN BufferLength, SQLLEN *IndicatorValuePtr);

SQLRETURN SQLExecute(SQLHSTMT StatementHandle);


通过调用SQLPrepare函数将SQL语句绑定到语句句柄上,使用SQLBindParameter函数将需要传递的参数绑定到语句句柄上,最后调用SQLExecute函数执行SQL语句。

5.从表中读取数据

使用以下函数来从表中读取数据:

```C
SQLRETURN SQLPrepare(SQLHSTMT StatementHandle, SQLCHAR *StatementText, SQLINTEGER TextLength);
SQLRETURN SQLBindCol(SQLHSTMT StatementHandle, SQLUSMALLINT ColumnNumber, SQLSMALLINT TargetType,
SQLPOINTER TargetValuePtr, SQLINTEGER BufferLength, SQLINTEGER *StrLen_or_IndPtr);
SQLRETURN SQLFetch(SQLHSTMT StatementHandle);

使用SQLPrepare函数绑定SQL语句,使用SQLBindCol函数将需要读取的列绑定到语句句柄上,并使用SQLFetch函数从语句句柄中读取数据。

6.代码

以下是嵌入式Oracle驱动的示例代码:

“`C

#include

#include

#include

#include

#include

#define MAX_SQL_LENGTH 1024

int mn()

{

// Allocate and initialize environment handle

SQLHENV henv;

SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_ENV, SQL_NULL_HANDLE, &henv);

SQLSetEnvAttr(henv, SQL_ATTR_ODBC_VERSION, (void*)SQL_OV_ODBC3, 0);

// Allocate and initialize connection handle

SQLHDBC hdbc;

SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_DBC, henv, &hdbc);

SQLCHAR* connectionString = (SQLCHAR*)”DRIVER={Oracle in XE};UID=;PWD=;DBQ=XE;”;

SQLRETURN retCode = SQLDriverConnect(hdbc, NULL, connectionString, SQL_NTS, NULL, 0, NULL, SQL_DRIVER_COMPLETE);

if (retCode != SQL_SUCCESS && retCode != SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO)

{

printf(“SQLDriverConnect fled\n”);

return 1;

}

else

{

printf(“Connection successfull\n”);

}

// Allocate and initialize statement handle

SQLHSTMT hstmt;

SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_STMT, hdbc, &hstmt);

// Insert data

SQLCHAR* insertQuery = (SQLCHAR*)”INSERT INTO employees(id, name, age, salary, hire_date) VALUES(?, ?, ?, ?, ?)”;

SQLINTEGER id = 1;

SQLCHAR* name = (SQLCHAR*)”John Doe”;

SQLINTEGER age = 30;

SQLDOUBLE salary = 50000.00;

SQLCHAR* hireDate = (SQLCHAR*)”2021-06-01″;

SQLLEN idInd, nameInd, ageInd, salaryInd, hireDateInd;

SQLPrepare(hstmt, insertQuery, strlen((char*)insertQuery));

SQLBindParameter(hstmt, 1, SQL_PARAM_INPUT, SQL_C_LONG, SQL_INTEGER, 5, 0, &id, 0, &idInd);

SQLBindParameter(hstmt, 2, SQL_PARAM_INPUT, SQL_C_CHAR, SQL_VARCHAR, 50, 0, name, 0, &nameInd);

SQLBindParameter(hstmt, 3, SQL_PARAM_INPUT, SQL_C_LONG, SQL_INTEGER, 3, 0, &age, 0, &ageInd);

SQLBindParameter(hstmt, 4, SQL_PARAM_INPUT, SQL_C_DOUBLE, SQL_DOUBLE, 10, 2, &salary, 0, &salaryInd);

SQLBindParameter(hstmt, 5, SQL_PARAM_INPUT, SQL_C_CHAR, SQL_TYPE_DATE, 10, 0, hireDate, 0, &hireDateInd);

SQLExecute(hstmt);

printf(“Data inserted\n”);

// Read data

SQLCHAR* selectQuery = (SQLCHAR*)”SELECT * FROM employees”;

SQLINTEGER idOut;

SQLCHAR nameOut[51];

SQLINTEGER ageOut;

SQLDOUBLE salaryOut;

SQL_TIMESTAMP_STRUCT hireDateOut;

SQLLEN idOutInd, nameOutInd, ageOutInd, salaryOutInd, hireDateOutInd;

SQLPrepare(hstmt, selectQuery, strlen((char*)selectQuery));

SQLBindCol(hstmt, 1, SQL_C_LONG, &idOut, 5, &idOutInd);

SQLBindCol(hstmt, 2, SQL_C_CHAR, nameOut, 51, &nameOutInd);

SQLBindCol(hstmt, 3, SQL_C_LONG, &ageOut, 3, &ageOutInd);

SQLBindCol(hstmt, 4, SQL_C_DOUBLE, &salaryOut, 10, &salaryOutInd);

SQLBindCol(hstmt, 5, SQL_C_TYPE_TIMESTAMP, &hireDateOut, 19, &hireDateOutInd);

SQLFetch(hstmt);

printf(“id: %d, name: %s, age: %d, salary: %f, hireDate: %d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d\n”,

idOut, nameOut, ageOut, salaryOut, hireDateOut.year, hireDateOut.month, hireDateOut.day,

hireDateOut.hour, hireDateOut.minute, hireDateOut.second);

// Free resources

SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_STMT, hstmt);

SQLDisconnect(hdbc);

SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_DBC, hdbc);

SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_ENV, henv);

return 0;

}


7.总结

本文介绍了如何使用C编写嵌入式Oracle驱动程序,实现实时数据应用开发。使用Oracle ODBC驱动程序连接Oracle数据库,并使用相关函数向数据库中插入数据和读取数据。编写嵌入式Oracle驱动程序,将嵌入式系统与企业级数据库连接起来,为实时数据应用提供了很大的便利。

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