25 Essential Linux System Inspection and Analysis Tools（Linux系统检测工具）
Linux is the premier platform for developers, system administrators and engineers because of its robustness, flexibility, openness and wide availability of different tools. Amongst its vast array of tools and utilities, certain software stand out for their reliability and effectiveness. Whether it’s checking system performance, exploring log files, monitoring processes, inspecting system configuration, or troubleshooting software issues, these 25 essential Linux inspection and analysis tools provide system administrators and developers with the ultimate set of tools to keep a Linux system running at its peak level of performance.
1. netstat: is a command-line tool that displays information about network connections, routing tables, and other network interface information. It’s a great tool for troubleshooting network issues and ensuring that everything is working as expected.
2. top: is a powerful system resource monitoring tool which is useful for getting an overall picture of system performance. It shows CPU, memory, and I/O utilization for each system process in real-time.
3. htop: is a variant of the top tool and provides an intuitive way to quickly inspect what processes are running and consuming system resources.
4. ps: is a command-line tool which provides information about the currently running processes. It’s great for getting a quick snapshot of running processes.
5. iostat: is a system resource monitoring tool which not only shows CPU and memory utilization but also provides detailed information about I/O and disk utilization.
6. free: is a command-line tool which helps you check out the utilization of physical and virtual memory. It also gives detailed information about memory buffers and disk caches.
7. df: is a command-line utility which helps you monitor disk utilization, by showing information about the space used and available on mounted file systems.
8. uptime: is a command-line utility which shows the system uptime and the system load average for the past 1, 5, and 15 minutes.
9. iotop: is an tool which monitors I/O operations of system processes, and helps track down problems by identifying which processes are consuming most of a systems resources.
10.iotrace: is a kernel-level tracing tool which helps you understand the behavior of filesystem and block device operations.
11.usertools: is a set of tools designed to help get a greater understanding of user activity on a system. It provides vital information about system user file, process, and memory consumption.
12.lsof: is a tool which helps diagnose system problems by listing open files and their associated processes.
13.strace: is a powerful debugging tool which allows you to analyze the system calls that a program is making and see where it’s going wrong or what might be causing the problem.
14.tcpdump: is a network forensics tool which helps you capture and analyze network traffic. It’s great for debugging network issues, analyzing protocol behavior, and for studying network intrusion detection rules.
15.iftop: is a network monitoring tool which helps you track down what’s consuming your network bandwidth and find the culprits. It offers some great insights into how processes are communicating with each other over the network.
16.vmstat: is a tool for helping spot system performance issues by monitoring various aspects of system processes, memory, disk, and swap usage.
17.lspci: is a tool for listing the system’s PCI buses and devices. It’s great for troubleshooting hardware-related problems.
18.dmesg: is a command-line utility which is used to read and control the kernel message buffer. It’s useful for debugging system crashes and hardware issues.
19.lsblk: is a very useful tool for managing disks and other block devices. It provides a detailed overview of the physical block devices in use on the system.
20.iproute2: is an advanced set of command-line tools for inspecting and manipulating the IP routing table.
21.uname: is a simple command for getting information about the Linux kernel version and the hostname of the current system.
22.w: is a utility which provides a quick summary of system resource usage with the help of several different columns. It shows user login history, hostname, processes, and more.
23.ifconfig: is a command-line utility which can be used tocheck on the status of network interfaces, enable and disable network devices, and set interface IP address information.
24.ss: is a tool for displaying information about sockets which are actively in use. It can be used to inspect Linux network connections and control network traffic.
25.sysctl: is a tool for configuring kernel parameters at runtime. It can be used for customizing system performance and security, as well as to troubleshoot problems.
The Linux platform is powerful and highly configurable, with a vast array of tools and utilities. From quick investigations to long-term monitoring, the 25 essential Linux system inspection and analysis tools provide the expert with everything they need to keep a system running optimally.
