Efficient Oracle Monitoring for Smooth Performance Tips and Tricks（oracle日常监控）

Efficient Oracle Monitoring for Smooth Performance: Tips and Tricks

Oracle databases are critical for many organizations and the performance of these databases is of utmost importance. Monitoring Oracle databases can be a challenging task for database administrators (DBAs) as these databases can have various components that affect their performance. Hence, effective monitoring of an Oracle database is essential for maintaining smooth performance.

In this article, we will discuss some tips and tricks for efficient Oracle monitoring. These tips and tricks can help the DBAs improve their Oracle monitoring practices and ensure smooth performance.

1. Monitoring Key Metrics

The first step in effective Oracle monitoring is to know the key performance metrics. These include CPU usage, Memory consumption, Disk I/O, Network I/O, SQL statement execution time, and database wait events. DBAs need to track these metrics to analyze database performance and identify potential bottlenecks.

Oracle provides several tools for monitoring database performance. The Oracle Enterprise Manager (OEM) is an all-in-one monitoring tool that provides real-time statistics and performance data. In addition, Oracle also provides many command-line tools, including SQL*Plus, SQL Developer, and RMAN, which allow DBAs to query the database and collect performance metrics.

2. Setting up Alerts

DBAs must set up alerts for key performance metrics to respond to performance issues quickly. Oracle provides tools such as OEM and Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control that can alert the DBA through email, SMS, or PagerDuty when performance thresholds are exceeded.

For example, if the CPU usage exceeds 80%, the DBA can receive an alert immediately and take action to reduce the CPU usage, such as by stopping non-critical processes, reducing the number of active connections, or adding more CPU resources.

3. Using Automated Tools

Oracle provides several automated tools that can help DBAs monitor the database efficiently. The Automatic Workload Repository (AWR) is a built-in tool that automatically collects and stores performance data every hour. The AWR data can help the DBA quickly identify performance issues.

In addition, Oracle also provides many third-party monitoring tools such as SolarWinds, Nagios, and Zabbix that can automate the monitoring process even further. These tools provide real-time statistics and alerts, and can help the DBA analyze and optimize database performance.

4. Optimizing SQL Statements

SQL statements are essential for database operations, and poorly optimized SQL statements can significantly impact performance. It is essential to monitor the execution time of SQL statements and identify any slow-running queries.

Oracle provides tools such as the SQL Tuning Advisor and SQL Access Advisor, which can help optimize SQL statements and improve their performance. These tools can also recommend indexes, partitioning, or other database structures that can improve SQL execution time.

5. Monitoring Database Wait Events

Database wait events are important metrics that can provide insight into the performance of the database. Oracle provides the V$SESSION_WAIT view, which DBAs can query to identify what events sessions are waiting for. DBAs can use this information to tune the database and optimize queries.

Furthermore, Oracle also provides the wait event interface that can help DBAs understand the internal operation of the database. The wait event interface allows DBAs to see detailed information about the event, including the duration, wait time, and statistics.

Conclusion

Monitoring Oracle databases is a complex and challenging task, but it is essential for maintaining smooth performance. By following these tips and tricks, DBAs can significantly improve their Oracle monitoring practices and ensure optimal database performance.

Effective Oracle monitoring requires an understanding of key performance metrics, setting up alerts, using automated tools, optimizing SQL statements, and monitoring database wait events. By following these practices, DBAs can ensure that the database runs smoothly, without any performance issues.

**CODE EXAMPLES**

–Example of querying V$SESSION_WAIT view

SELECT event, wait_time, seconds_in_wait, state

FROM V$SESSION_WAIT

WHERE sid = ‘123’;

–Example of querying AWR data

SELECT snap_id, start_snap_time, end_snap_time, db_time, cwait_time

FROM dba_hist_sys_time_model

WHERE snap_id BETWEEN 10 AND 20;

–Example of using the SQL Tuning Advisor

DECLARE

task_name VARCHAR2(30);

BEGIN

task_name := DBMS_SQLTUNE.CREATE_TUNING_TASK(sql_text => ‘SELECT * FROM emp WHERE salary > 5000’);

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(task_name);

END;

/

–Example of using OEM to set up alerts

BEGIN

DBMS_SCHEDULER.CREATE_JOB (

job_name => ‘my_alert_job’,

job_type => ‘PLSQL_BLOCK’,

job_action => ‘BEGIN my_alert_proc; END;’,

start_date => SYSTIMESTAMP,

repeat_interval => ‘FREQ=DAILY; BYDAY=MON,TUE,WED,THU,FRI; BYHOUR=9;’,

enabled => TRUE,

comments => ‘This job sends an alert every day at 9 AM’);

END;

/