CentOS命令行下装oracle 12c的方法(命令行模式安装)

实验环境:

1:安装oracle所需软件包

Oracle 12c所需的rpm包如下:

binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.11.el6 (x86_64)
compat-libcap1-1.10-1 (x86_64)
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (x86_64)
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (i686)
gcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
gcc-c++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686)
glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)
glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)
glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686)
ksh
libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)
libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)
libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)
libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)
libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (i686)
libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)
libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (i686)
libXext-1.1 (x86_64)
libXext-1.1 (i686)
libXtst-1.0.99.2 (x86_64)
libXtst-1.0.99.2 (i686)
libX11-1.3 (x86_64)
libX11-1.3 (i686)
libXau-1.0.5 (x86_64)
libXau-1.0.5 (i686)
libxcb-1.5 (x86_64)
libxcb-1.5 (i686)
libXi-1.3 (x86_64)
libXi-1.3 (i686)
make-3.81-19.el6
sysstat-9.0.4-11.el6 (x86_64)

[root@ser6-51 mongodb]# yum install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libaio libaio-devel libXext libXtst libX11 libXau libxcb libXi make sysstat

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
Determining fastest mirrors
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com
base | 3.7 kB 00:00
extras | 3.4 kB 00:00
updates | 3.4 kB 00:00
updates/primary_db | 3.9 MB 00:04
Setting up Install Process
Package gcc-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package gcc-c++-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package libgcc-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package libstdc++-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package libstdc++-devel-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package libXau-1.0.6-4.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package 1:make-3.81-20.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Resolving Dependencies
–> Running transaction check
—> Package binutils.x86_64 0:2.20.51.0.2-5.36.el6 will be updated
—> Package binutils.x86_64 0:2.20.51.0.2-5.42.el6 will be an update
—> Package compat-libcap1.x86_64 0:1.10-1 will be installed
—> Package compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 0:3.2.3-69.el6 will be installed
—> Package glibc.x86_64 0:2.12-1.132.el6 will be updated
–> Processing Dependency: glibc = 2.12-1.132.el6 for package: glibc-headers-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64
–> Processing Dependency: glibc = 2.12-1.132.el6 for package: glibc-common-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64
—> Package glibc.x86_64 0:2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 will be an update
—> Package glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.12-1.132.el6 will be updated
—> Package glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 will be an update
—> Package ksh.x86_64 0:20120801-21.el6_6.3 will be installed
—> Package libX11.x86_64 0:1.5.0-4.el6 will be updated
—> Package libX11.x86_64 0:1.6.0-2.2.el6 will be an update
–> Processing Dependency: libX11-common = 1.6.0-2.2.el6 for package: libX11-1.6.0-2.2.el6.x86_64
—> Package libXext.x86_64 0:1.3.1-2.el6 will be updated
—> Package libXext.x86_64 0:1.3.2-2.1.el6 will be an update
—> Package libXi.x86_64 0:1.6.1-3.el6 will be updated
—> Package libXi.x86_64 0:1.7.2-2.2.el6 will be an update
—> Package libXtst.x86_64 0:1.2.1-2.el6 will be updated
—> Package libXtst.x86_64 0:1.2.2-2.1.el6 will be an update
—> Package libaio-devel.x86_64 0:0.3.107-10.el6 will be installed
—> Package libxcb.x86_64 0:1.8.1-1.el6 will be updated
—> Package libxcb.x86_64 0:1.9.1-2.el6 will be an update
—> Package sysstat.x86_64 0:9.0.4-22.el6 will be updated
—> Package sysstat.x86_64 0:9.0.4-27.el6 will be an update
–> Running transaction check
—> Package glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.12-1.132.el6 will be updated
—> Package glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 will be an update
—> Package glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.12-1.132.el6 will be updated
—> Package glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 will be an update
—> Package libX11-common.noarch 0:1.5.0-4.el6 will be updated
—> Package libX11-common.noarch 0:1.6.0-2.2.el6 will be an update
–> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=========================================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=========================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
compat-libcap1 x86_64 1.10-1 base 17 k
compat-libstdc++-33 x86_64 3.2.3-69.el6 base 183 k
ksh x86_64 20120801-21.el6_6.3 updates 758 k
libaio-devel x86_64 0.3.107-10.el6 base 13 k
Updating:
binutils x86_64 2.20.51.0.2-5.42.el6 base 2.8 M
glibc x86_64 2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 updates 3.8 M
glibc-devel x86_64 2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 updates 984 k
libX11 x86_64 1.6.0-2.2.el6 base 586 k
libXext x86_64 1.3.2-2.1.el6 base 35 k
libXi x86_64 1.7.2-2.2.el6 base 37 k
libXtst x86_64 1.2.2-2.1.el6 base 19 k
libxcb x86_64 1.9.1-2.el6 base 110 k
sysstat x86_64 9.0.4-27.el6 base 233 k
Updating for dependencies:
glibc-common x86_64 2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 updates 14 M
glibc-headers x86_64 2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 updates 612 k
libX11-common noarch 1.6.0-2.2.el6 base 192 k

Transaction Summary
=========================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install 4 Package(s)
Upgrade 12 Package(s)

Total download size: 24 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/16): binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.42.el6.x86_64.rpm | 2.8 MB 00:02
(2/16): compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64.rpm | 17 kB 00:00
(3/16): compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64.rpm | 183 kB 00:00
(4/16): glibc-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64.rpm | 3.8 MB 00:05
(5/16): glibc-common-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64.rpm | 14 MB 00:13
(6/16): glibc-devel-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64.rpm | 984 kB 00:02
(7/16): glibc-headers-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64.rpm | 612 kB 00:01
(8/16): ksh-20120801-21.el6_6.3.x86_64.rpm | 758 kB 00:01
(9/16): libX11-1.6.0-2.2.el6.x86_64.rpm | 586 kB 00:01
(10/16): libX11-common-1.6.0-2.2.el6.noarch.rpm | 192 kB 00:00
(11/16): libXext-1.3.2-2.1.el6.x86_64.rpm | 35 kB 00:00
(12/16): libXi-1.7.2-2.2.el6.x86_64.rpm | 37 kB 00:00
(13/16): libXtst-1.2.2-2.1.el6.x86_64.rpm | 19 kB 00:00
(14/16): libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm | 13 kB 00:00
(15/16): libxcb-1.9.1-2.el6.x86_64.rpm | 110 kB 00:00
(16/16): sysstat-9.0.4-27.el6.x86_64.rpm | 233 kB 00:00
———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
Total 712 kB/s | 24 MB 00:35
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Updating : glibc-common-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64 1/28
Updating : glibc-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64 2/28
Updating : glibc-headers-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64 3/28
Updating : libxcb-1.9.1-2.el6.x86_64 4/28
Updating : libX11-common-1.6.0-2.2.el6.noarch 5/28
Updating : libX11-1.6.0-2.2.el6.x86_64 6/28
Updating : libXext-1.3.2-2.1.el6.x86_64 7/28
Updating : libXi-1.7.2-2.2.el6.x86_64 8/28
Updating : libXtst-1.2.2-2.1.el6.x86_64 9/28
Updating : glibc-devel-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64 10/28
Installing : compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64 11/28
Updating : sysstat-9.0.4-27.el6.x86_64 12/28
Installing : ksh-20120801-21.el6_6.3.x86_64 13/28
Installing : compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64 14/28
Updating : binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.42.el6.x86_64 15/28
Installing : libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64 16/28
Cleanup : glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 17/28
Cleanup : libXtst-1.2.1-2.el6.x86_64 18/28
Cleanup : glibc-headers-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 19/28
Cleanup : libXi-1.6.1-3.el6.x86_64 20/28
Cleanup : libXext-1.3.1-2.el6.x86_64 21/28
Cleanup : libX11-1.5.0-4.el6.x86_64 22/28
Cleanup : libxcb-1.8.1-1.el6.x86_64 23/28
Cleanup : binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.36.el6.x86_64 24/28
Cleanup : sysstat-9.0.4-22.el6.x86_64 25/28
Cleanup : libX11-common-1.5.0-4.el6.noarch 26/28
Cleanup : glibc-common-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 27/28
Cleanup : glibc-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 28/28
Verifying : glibc-devel-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64 1/28
Verifying : libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64 2/28
Verifying : libX11-1.6.0-2.2.el6.x86_64 3/28
Verifying : compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64 4/28
Verifying : libXext-1.3.2-2.1.el6.x86_64 5/28
Verifying : glibc-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64 6/28
Verifying : sysstat-9.0.4-27.el6.x86_64 7/28
Verifying : ksh-20120801-21.el6_6.3.x86_64 8/28
Verifying : compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64 9/28
Verifying : glibc-headers-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64 10/28
Verifying : binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.42.el6.x86_64 11/28
Verifying : libXtst-1.2.2-2.1.el6.x86_64 12/28
Verifying : libXi-1.7.2-2.2.el6.x86_64 13/28
Verifying : glibc-common-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64 14/28
Verifying : libxcb-1.9.1-2.el6.x86_64 15/28
Verifying : libX11-common-1.6.0-2.2.el6.noarch 16/28
Verifying : glibc-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 17/28
Verifying : glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 18/28
Verifying : glibc-headers-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 19/28
Verifying : glibc-common-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 20/28
Verifying : binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.36.el6.x86_64 21/28
Verifying : libXi-1.6.1-3.el6.x86_64 22/28
Verifying : libX11-common-1.5.0-4.el6.noarch 23/28
Verifying : sysstat-9.0.4-22.el6.x86_64 24/28
Verifying : libxcb-1.8.1-1.el6.x86_64 25/28
Verifying : libXtst-1.2.1-2.el6.x86_64 26/28
Verifying : libX11-1.5.0-4.el6.x86_64 27/28
Verifying : libXext-1.3.1-2.el6.x86_64 28/28

Installed:
compat-libcap1.x86_64 0:1.10-1 compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 0:3.2.3-69.el6 ksh.x86_64 0:20120801-21.el6_6.3 libaio-devel.x86_64 0:0.3.107-10.el6

Updated:
binutils.x86_64 0:2.20.51.0.2-5.42.el6 glibc.x86_64 0:2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 libX11.x86_64 0:1.6.0-2.2.el6 libXext.x86_64 0:1.3.2-2.1.el6
libXi.x86_64 0:1.7.2-2.2.el6 libXtst.x86_64 0:1.2.2-2.1.el6 libxcb.x86_64 0:1.9.1-2.el6 sysstat.x86_64 0:9.0.4-27.el6

Dependency Updated:
glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 libX11-common.noarch 0:1.6.0-2.2.el6

Complete!

验证 Oracle 所需要的系统依赖程序包是否完整。

[root@ser6-51 mongodb]# rpm -qa binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libaio libaio-devel libXext libXtst libX11 libXau libxcb libXi make sysstat

libgcc-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64
libstdc++-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64
gcc-c++-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64
glibc-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64
libX11-1.6.0-2.2.el6.x86_64
glibc-devel-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64
make-3.81-20.el6.x86_64
libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64
libXau-1.0.6-4.el6.x86_64
libstdc++-devel-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64
libXext-1.3.2-2.1.el6.x86_64
libXtst-1.2.2-2.1.el6.x86_64
compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64
ksh-20120801-21.el6_6.3.x86_64
binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.42.el6.x86_64
gcc-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64
libxcb-1.9.1-2.el6.x86_64
libXi-1.7.2-2.2.el6.x86_64
sysstat-9.0.4-27.el6.x86_64
libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64

2:对OS进行配置

2.1 创建相关用户和用户组
groupadd oinstall

groupadd oper

groupadd dba

useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle

2.2 修改oracle用户的密码
passwd oracle

2.3 修改系统参数
vi /etc/sysctl.conf

添加:

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

运行sysctl -p应用以上参数

/sbin/sysctl -p
 

2.4 修改用户Limits
vi /etc/security/limits.conf

新增如下内容:

oracle soft nofile 65536
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft nproc 16384
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle stack nproc 10240
oracle stack nproc 10240
 

2.5 创建相关目录

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12c/db_1 
mkdir –p /u01/app/oracle/oradata
mkdir –p /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/archlog
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01

2.6 配置环境变量
su – oracle

vi .bash_profile

添加:

# Oracle Settings
COLUMNS=132; export COLUMNS
LINES=47; export LINES
EDITOR=vi; export EDITOR

TMP=/tmp; export TMP
TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12c/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=orcl; export ORACLE_SID
SHLIB_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH;export SHLIB_PATH
NLS_LANG=American_America.zhs16gbk;export NLS_LANG
ORA_NLS10=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data;export ORA_NLS10
TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin;export TNS_ADMIN
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jre:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH
alias glance=/opt/perf/bin/glance:x
alias gohome=’cd /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0′
alias cdb=’cd /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump’
alias cdu=’cd /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/udump’

–里面的内容可以根据实际情况进行改动,如可以改动ORACLE_SID.

修改完用:source .bash_profile生效。

2.7修改/etc/hosts
[oracle@ser6-51 ~]$ cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

[oracle@ser6-51 ~]$ hostname

ser6-51

把127.0.0.1那一行改为:127.0.0.1   ser6-51

2.8修改操作系统发行版本
由于 oracle 还没有推出支持 CentOS 的安装包,所以需要修改发行版本,以便通过 oracle 的安装检查。

vi /etc/redhat-release

把CentOS release 6.5 (Final) 注释掉,前面加上一行redhat-4,当oracle安装完成后,再修改回来。

如:

redhat-4
#CentOS release 6.5 (Final)

2.9 关闭SELINUX

vi /etc/selinux/config

将SELINUX那一行改成:

SELINUX=disabled

3:安装

3.1 解压安装包
[root@ser6-51 download]# ls -ltr

-rw-r–r– 1 root root 1014530602 Jul  6 15:07 linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 1673544724 Jul  6 15:12 linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip

[root@ser6-51 download]# unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip
[root@ser6-51 download]# unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip

 [root@ser6-51 download]# ls -ltr

drwxr-xr-x 7 root root       4096 Jul  7  2014 database
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 1014530602 Jul  6 15:07 linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 1673544724 Jul  6 15:12 linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip

3.2 安装oracle软件

3.2.1 新建静默安装的应答文件
su – oracle
vi 12102db_install.rsp

添加:

######################################################################
## Copyright(c) Oracle Corporation 1998,2013. All rights reserved. ##
## ##
## Specify values for the variables listed below to customize ##
## your installation. ##
## ##
## Each variable is associated with a comment. The comment ##
## can help to populate the variables with the appropriate ##
## values. ##
## ##
## IMPORTANT NOTE: This file contains plain text passwords and ##
## should be secured to have read permission only by oracle user ##
## or db administrator who owns this installation. ##
## ##
######################################################################

#——————————————————————————-
# Do not change the following system generated value.
#——————————————————————————-
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v12.1.0

#——————————————————————————-
# Specify the installation option.
# It can be one of the following:
# – INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
# – INSTALL_DB_AND_CONFIG
# – UPGRADE_DB
#——————————————————————————
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY

#——————————————————————————-
# Specify the hostname of the system as set during the install. It can be used
# to force the installation to use an alternative hostname rather than using the
# first hostname found on the system. (e.g., for systems with multiple hostnames
# and network interfaces)
#——————————————————————————-
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=ser6-51

#——————————————————————————-
# Specify the Unix group to be set for the inventory directory.
#——————————————————————————-
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall

#——————————————————————————-
# Specify the location which holds the inventory files.
# This is an optional parameter if installing on
# Windows based Operating System.
#——————————————————————————-
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory

#——————————————————————————-
# Specify the languages in which the components will be installed.
#
# en : English ja : Japanese
# fr : French ko : Korean
# ar : Arabic es : Latin American Spanish
# bn : Bengali lv : Latvian
# pt_BR: Brazilian Portuguese lt : Lithuanian
# bg : Bulgarian ms : Malay
# fr_CA: Canadian French es_MX: Mexican Spanish
# ca : Catalan no : Norwegian
# hr : Croatian pl : Polish
# cs : Czech pt : Portuguese
# da : Danish ro : Romanian
# nl : Dutch ru : Russian
# ar_EG: Egyptian zh_CN: Simplified Chinese
# en_GB: English (Great Britain) sk : Slovak
# et : Estonian sl : Slovenian
# fi : Finnish es_ES: Spanish
# de : German sv : Swedish
# el : Greek th : Thai
# iw : Hebrew zh_TW: Traditional Chinese
# hu : Hungarian tr : Turkish
# is : Icelandic uk : Ukrainian
# in : Indonesian vi : Vietnamese
# it : Italian
#
# all_langs : All languages
#
# Specify value as the following to select any of the languages.
# Example : SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,fr,ja
#
# Specify value as the following to select all the languages.
# Example : SELECTED_LANGUAGES=all_langs
#——————————————————————————-
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en

#——————————————————————————-
# Specify the complete path of the Oracle Home.
#——————————————————————————-
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12c/db_1

#——————————————————————————-
# Specify the complete path of the Oracle Base.
#——————————————————————————-
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

#——————————————————————————-
# Specify the installation edition of the component.
#
# The value should contain only one of these choices.
# – EE : Enterprise Edition
# – SE : Standard Edition
# – SEONE : Standard Edition One
# – PE : Personal Edition (WINDOWS ONLY)
#——————————————————————————-
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE

#################################################################################
# #
# PRIVILEGED OPERATING SYSTEM GROUPS #
# —————————————— #
# Provide values for the OS groups to which OSDBA and OSOPER privileges #
# needs to be granted. If the install is being performed as a member of the #
# group “dba”, then that will be used unless specified otherwise below. #
# #
# The value to be specified for OSDBA and OSOPER group is only for UNIX based #
# Operating System. #
# #
###############################################################################

#——————————————————————————
# The DBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSDBA privileges.
#——————————————————————————-
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba

#——————————————————————————
# The OPER_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSOPER privileges.
# The value to be specified for OSOPER group is optional.
#——————————————————————————
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oper

#——————————————————————————
# The BACKUPDBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSBACKUPDBA privileges.
#——————————————————————————
oracle.install.db.BACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba

#——————————————————————————
# The DGDBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSDGDBA privileges.
#——————————————————————————
oracle.install.db.DGDBA_GROUP=dba

#——————————————————————————
# The KMDBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSKMDBA privileges.
#——————————————————————————
oracle.install.db.KMDBA_GROUP=dba

################################################################################
# #
# Database Configuration Options #
# #
################################################################################

#——————————————————————————-
# Specify the type of database to create.
# It can be one of the following:
# – GENERAL_PURPOSE/TRANSACTION_PROCESSING
# – DATA_WAREHOUSE
#——————————————————————————-
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=

#——————————————————————————-
# Specify the Starter Database Global Database Name.
#——————————————————————————-
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=

#——————————————————————————-
# Specify the Starter Database SID.
#——————————————————————————-
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=

#——————————————————————————-
# Specify whether the database should be configured as a Container database.
#——————————————————————————-
oracle.install.db.ConfigureAsContainerDB=

#——————————————————————————-
# Specify the Pluggable Database name for the pluggable database in Container Database.
#——————————————————————————-
oracle.install.db.config.PDBName=

#——————————————————————————-
# Specify the Starter Database character set.
#
# One of the following
# AL32UTF8, WE8ISO8859P15, WE8MSWIN1252, EE8ISO8859P2,
# EE8MSWIN1250, NE8ISO8859P10, NEE8ISO8859P4, BLT8MSWIN1257,
# BLT8ISO8859P13, CL8ISO8859P5, CL8MSWIN1251, AR8ISO8859P6,
# AR8MSWIN1256, EL8ISO8859P7, EL8MSWIN1253, IW8ISO8859P8,
# IW8MSWIN1255, JA16EUC, JA16EUCTILDE, JA16SJIS, JA16SJISTILDE,
# KO16MSWIN949, ZHS16GBK, TH8TISASCII, ZHT32EUC, ZHT16MSWIN950,
# ZHT16HKSCS, WE8ISO8859P9, TR8MSWIN1254, VN8MSWIN1258
#——————————————————————————-
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=

#——————————————————————————
# This variable should be set to true if Automatic Memory Management
# in Database is desired.
# If Automatic Memory Management is not desired, and memory allocation
# is to be done manually, then set it to false.
#——————————————————————————
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=

#——————————————————————————-
# Specify the total memory allocation for the database. Value(in MB) should be
# at least 256 MB, and should not exceed the total physical memory available
# on the system.
# Example: oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=512
#——————————————————————————-
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=

#################################################################################
# #
# Passwords can be supplied for the following four schemas in the #
# starter database: #
# SYS #
# SYSTEM #
# DBSNMP (used by Enterprise Manager) #
# #
# Same password can be used for all accounts (not recommended) #
# or different passwords for each account can be provided (recommended) #
# #
#################################################################################

#——————————————————————————
# This variable holds the password that is to be used for all schemas in the
# starter database.
#——————————————————————————-
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle

#——————————————————————————-
# Specify the SYS password for the starter database.
#——————————————————————————-
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=

#——————————————————————————-
# Specify the SYSTEM password for the starter database.
#——————————————————————————-
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=

#——————————————————————————-
# Specify the DBSNMP password for the starter database.
#——————————————————————————-
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=

#——————————————————————————-
# Specify the PDBADMIN password required for creation of Pluggable Database in the Container Database.
#——————————————————————————-
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.PDBADMIN=
#——————————————————————————
# Specify whether user doesn’t want to configure Security Updates.
# The value for this variable should be true if you don’t want to configure
# Security Updates, false otherwise.
#
# The value can be either true or false. If left blank it will be assumed
# to be false.
#
# Example : DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=false
#——————————————————————————
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
#——————————————————————————
# Specify the auto-updates option. It can be one of the following:
# – MYORACLESUPPORT_DOWNLOAD
# – OFFLINE_UPDATES
# – SKIP_UPDATES
#——————————————————————————
oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=SKIP_UPDATES

3.2.2 静默安装软件
[root@ser6-51 install]# su – oracle

[oracle@ser6-51 ~]$ cd /download/database/

[oracle@ser6-51 database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/12102db_install.rsp

/*

假如安装过程中报错了,已经在$ORACLE_HOME和/u01/app/oraInventory下生成了很多文件目录。想再次安装的话,需要先删除这些文件:
[oracle@ser6-52 app]$ pwd
/u01/app
[oracle@ser6-52 app]$ rm -rf /u01/app/oraInventory

cd $ORACLE_HOME/
rm -rf *
*/

执行两个脚本:

[root@ser6-51 ~]# sh /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.
Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.
root@ser6-51 ~]# sh /u01/app/oracle/product/12c/db_1/root.sh

Check /u01/app/oracle/product/12c/db_1/install/root_ser6-51_2015-07-06_19-00-11.log for the output of root script

3.3 建库

3.3.1 建响应文件
v i /home/oracle/dbca.rsp

添加:

[GENERAL]
RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = “12.1.2.0”
OPERATION_TYPE = “createDatabase”
[CREATEDATABASE]
GDBNAME = “orcl”
SID = “orcl”
TEMPLATENAME = “New_Database.dbt”
SYSPASSWORD = “orcl”
SYSTEMPASSWORD = “orcl”
SYSMANPASSWORD = “orcl”
DBSNMPPASSWORD = “orcl”
DATAFILEDESTINATION =”/u01/app/oracle/oradata”
STORAGETYPE=FS
CHARACTERSET = “ZHS16GBK”
DATABASETYPE = “MULTIPURPOSE”
AUTOMATICMEMORYMANAGEMENT = “FALSE”

3.3.2 执行命令
dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/dbca.rsp

Creating and starting Oracle instance
1% complete
4% complete
Creating database files
5% complete
9% complete
Creating data dictionary views
10% complete
13% complete
14% complete
15% complete
16% complete
17% complete
18% complete
21% complete
22% complete
23% complete
24% complete
Adding Oracle JVM
30% complete
37% complete
44% complete
46% complete
Adding Oracle Text
47% complete
48% complete
50% complete
51% complete
Adding Oracle Multimedia
52% complete
65% complete
Adding Oracle OLAP
66% complete
67% complete
68% complete
69% complete
Adding Oracle Spatial
70% complete
78% complete
Adding Oracle Application Express
83% complete
87% complete
Completing Database Creation
89% complete
90% complete
91% complete
95% complete
100% complete

[oracle@ser6-51 dbs]$ export ORACLE_SID=orcl
[oracle@ser6-51 dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Wed Jul 8 09:29:16 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:

Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 – 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select status from v$instance;

STATUS
————
OPEN

3.4配监听

3.4.1 建响应文件
vi 12102_netca.rsp

添加:

[GENERAL]
RESPONSEFILE_VERSION=”12.1″
CREATE_TYPE=”CUSTOM”

#——————————————————————————-
# Name : SHOW_GUI
# Datatype : Boolean
# Description: This variable controls appearance/suppression of the NetCA GUI,
# Pre-req : N/A
# Default : TRUE
# Note:
# This must be set to false in order to run NetCA in silent mode.
# This is a substitute of “/silent” flag in the NetCA command line.
# The command line flag has precedence over the one in this response file.
# This feature is present since 10.1.0.3.
#——————————————————————————-
#SHOW_GUI=false

#——————————————————————————-
# Name : LOG_FILE
# Datatype : String
# Description: If present, NetCA will log output to this file in addition to the
# standard out.
# Pre-req : N/A
# Default : NONE
# Note:
# This is a substitute of “/log” in the NetCA command line.
# The command line argument has precedence over the one in this response file.
# This feature is present since 10.1.0.3.
#——————————————————————————-
#LOG_FILE=””/oracle12cHome/network/tools/log/netca.log””

[oracle.net.ca]
#INSTALLED_COMPONENTS;StringList;list of installed components
# The possible values for installed components are:
# “net8″,”server”,”client”,”aso”, “cman”, “javavm”
INSTALLED_COMPONENTS={“server”,”net8″,”javavm”}

#INSTALL_TYPE;String;type of install
# The possible values for install type are:
# “typical”,”minimal” or “custom”
INSTALL_TYPE=””typical””

#LISTENER_NUMBER;Number;Number of Listeners
# A typical install sets one listener
LISTENER_NUMBER=1

#LISTENER_NAMES;StringList;list of listener names
# The values for listener are:
# “LISTENER”,”LISTENER1″,”LISTENER2″,”LISTENER3″, …
# A typical install sets only “LISTENER”
LISTENER_NAMES=”LISTENER”

#LISTENER_PROTOCOLS;StringList;list of listener addresses (protocols and parameters separated by semicolons)
# The possible values for listener protocols are:
# “TCP;1521″,”TCPS;2484″,”NMP;ORAPIPE”,”IPC;IPCKEY”,”VI;1521″
# A typical install sets only “TCP;1521″
LISTENER_PROTOCOLS=”TCP;1521″

#LISTENER_START;String;name of the listener to start, in double quotes
LISTENER_START=””LISTENER””

#NAMING_METHODS;StringList;list of naming methods
# The possible values for naming methods are:
# LDAP, TNSNAMES, ONAMES, HOSTNAME, NOVELL, NIS, DCE
# A typical install sets only: “TNSNAMES”,”ONAMES”,”HOSTNAMES”
# or “LDAP”,”TNSNAMES”,”ONAMES”,”HOSTNAMES” for LDAP
NAMING_METHODS={“TNSNAMES”,”ONAMES”,”HOSTNAME”}

#NOVELL_NAMECONTEXT;String;Novell Directory Service name context, in double quotes
# A typical install does not use this variable.
#NOVELL_NAMECONTEXT = “”NAMCONTEXT””

#SUN_METAMAP;String; SUN meta map, in double quotes
# A typical install does not use this variable.
#SUN_METAMAP = “”MAP””

#DCE_CELLNAME;String;DCE cell name, in double quotes
# A typical install does not use this variable.
#DCE_CELLNAME = “”CELL””

#NSN_NUMBER;Number;Number of NetService Names
# A typical install sets one net service name
NSN_NUMBER=1

#NSN_NAMES;StringList;list of Net Service names
# A typical install sets net service name to “EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA”
NSN_NAMES=”EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA”

#NSN_SERVICE;StringList;Oracle12c database’s service name
# A typical install sets Oracle12c database’s service name to “PLSExtProc”
NSN_SERVICE=”PLSExtProc”

3.4.2 执行命令
[oracle@ser6-51 ~]$ netca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/12102_netca.rsp
 
Parsing command line arguments:
    Parameter “silent” = true
    Parameter “responsefile” = /home/oracle/12102_netca.rsp
Done parsing command line arguments.
Oracle Net Services Configuration:
Profile configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
    Running Listener Control:
      /u01/app/oracle/product/12c/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER
    Listener Control complete.
    Listener started successfully.
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0
 
 
4:设置开机启动
4.1 修改dbstart文件
假如执行/u01/app/oracle/product/12c/db_1/bin/dbstart报错:
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is not SET, unable to auto-start Oracle Net Listener
Usage: /u01/app/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/dbstart ORACLE_HOME
修改dbstart文件,将ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1
修改为ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME
 
4.2修改/etc/oratab
添加:
orcl:/u01/app/oracle/product/12c/db_1:Y
4.3修改/etc/rc.d/rc.local
添加一行:
su oracle -lc /u01/app/oracle/product/12c/db_1/bin/dbstart
–说明:/u01/app/oracle/product/12c/dbhome_1为oracle的安装目录,要根据实际情况进行修改。
 
reboot试验下看是否能开机自动启动。
 
5:开1521端口
如果防火墙开启了的话,要开1521端口,允许远程访问。
vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
直接在配置文件里已有的-A INPUT那些命令下面
添加一行:
-A INPUT -m state –state NEW -m tcp -p tcp –dport 1521-j ACCEPT
重启防火墙
[root@ser6-52 mongodb]# /etc/init.d/iptables restart
iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter          [  OK  ]
iptables: Flushing firewall rules:                         [  OK  ]
iptables: Unloading modules:                               [  OK  ]
iptables: Applying firewall rules:                         [  OK  ]
 
6:后续配置
#把操作系统版本改回原来的配置
[root@pc ~]# vi /etc/redhat-release
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.8 (Tikanga)
修改后:
#redhat-4
CentOS release 6.5 (Final)
 
对应步骤2.8。

–静默方式建库参考这篇文章。


数据运维技术 » CentOS命令行下装oracle 12c的方法(命令行模式安装)