Oracle

CENTOS Linux 下 ORACLE 19C RPM 安装详细步骤

1 基础环境准备

CentOS Linux release 7.8.2003 (Core)

oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm

oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

2关闭防火墙

   sellinux 设置为 SELINUX=disabled

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
Removed symlink etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed symlink etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost ~]# 

3更改主机名，配置host文件

[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname oracle
[root@localhost ~]# bash
bash
[root@oracle ~]# 
[root@oracle ~]# more etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.5.133 oracle
[root@oracle ~]#

4配置yum源,DNS

[root@oracle ~]# cd etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@oracle yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS-Base.repo       CentOS-fasttrack.repo  CentOS-Vault.repo
CentOS-CR.repo         CentOS-Media.repo      CentOS-x86_64-kernel.repo
CentOS-Debuginfo.repo  CentOS-Sources.repo
[root@oracle yum.repos.d]# rm -rf *
[root@oracle yum.repos.d]# 


[root@oracle yum.repos.d]# wget  http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
--2021-02-27 11:50:39--  http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
Resolving mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)... 58.221.54.116, 58.221.54.115, 61.155.221.135, ...
Connecting to mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)|58.221.54.116|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 2523 (2.5K) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘Centos-7.repo’


Centos-7.repo     100%[===================>]   2.46K  --.-KB/s    in 0s      


2021-02-27 11:50:39 (14.5 MB/s) - ‘Centos-7.repo’ saved [2523/2523]


[root@oracle ~]# more etc/resolv.conf
# Generated by NetworkManager
search localdomain
nameserver 192.168.5.2
nameserver 1.2.4.8
[root@oracle ~]# 

4 oralce preinstall

  [root@oracle ~]# yum -y install oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Examining oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64
Marking oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm to be installed
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package oracle-database-preinstall-19c.x86_64 0:1.0-1.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: bc for package: oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
--> Processing Dependency: bind-utils for package: oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: compat-libcap1 for package: oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: compat-libstdc++-33 for package: oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: glibc-devel for package: oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: ksh for package: oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libaio for package: oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64
...
...
  libverto-libevent.x86_64 0:0.2.5-4.el7                        libxcb.x86_64 0:1.13-1.el7                         
  lm_sensors-libs.x86_64 0:3.4.0-8.20160601gitf9185e5.el7       mailx.x86_64 0:12.5-19.el7                         
  net-tools.x86_64 0:2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7                   nfs-utils.x86_64 1:1.3.0-0.68.el7                  
  psmisc.x86_64 0:22.20-17.el7                                  quota.x86_64 1:4.01-19.el7                         
  quota-nls.noarch 1:4.01-19.el7                                rpcbind.x86_64 0:0.2.0-49.el7                      
  smartmontools.x86_64 1:7.0-2.el7                              sysstat.x86_64 0:10.1.5-19.el7                     
  tcp_wrappers.x86_64 0:7.6-77.el7                              unzip.x86_64 0:6.0-21.el7                          
  xorg-x11-utils.x86_64 0:7.5-23.el7                            xorg-x11-xauth.x86_64 1:1.0.9-1.el7                


Dependency Updated:
  glibc.x86_64 0:2.17-323.el7_9      glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.17-323.el7_9      libstdc++.x86_64 0:4.8.5-44.el7     


Complete!
[root@oracle ~]#

5 安装数据库软件

[root@oracle ~]# yum -y install oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Examining oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm: oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64
Marking oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm to be installed
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package oracle-database-ee-19c.x86_64 0:1.0-1 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution


Dependencies Resolved


====================================================================================================================
 Package                         Arch            Version        Repository                                     Size
====================================================================================================================
Installing:
 oracle-database-ee-19c          x86_64          1.0-1          oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64          6.9 G


Transaction Summary
====================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package


Total size: 6.9 G
Installed size: 6.9 G
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64                                                              1/1 
[INFO] Executing post installation scripts...
[INFO] Oracle home installed successfully and ready to be configured.
To configure a sample Oracle Database you can execute the following service configuration script as root: etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c configure
  Verifying  : oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64                                                              1/1 


Installed:
  oracle-database-ee-19c.x86_64 0:1.0-1    
  Complete!
[root@oracle ~]#
                                                                         

6安装数据库

oracle19c的修改配置文件为:

/etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c，可自行修改

[root@oracle ~]# /etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c configure
Configuring Oralce Database ORCLCDB
Prepare for db operation
8% complete
Copying database files
31% complete
Creating and staring Oracle instance
32% complete
36% complete
...

7切换oracle用户，.bash_profile添加环境变量

# .bash_profile


# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi


# User specific environment and startup programs


PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin


export PATH
export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_SID=ORCLCDB
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin

8 创建用户，表空间

[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus  as sysdba 


SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Sat Feb 27 22:28:59 2021
Version 19.3.0.0.0


Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle.  All rights reserved.




Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0


SQL> select name ,con_id from v$services;


NAME                     CON_ID
---------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
ORCLCDBXDB                  1
SYS$BACKGROUND                  1
SYS$USERS                  1
ORCLCDB                   1
orclpdb1                  3


Elapsed: 00:00:00.01
SQL> alter session set container=orclpdb1;


Session altered.
SQL>
SQL> startup;
Pluggable Database opened.
SQL> create tablespace carl datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/carl.dbf' size 100m autoextend on next 100m;


Tablespace created.


Elapsed: 00:00:01.43
SQL> create user carl identified by oracle default tablespace carl;


User created.


Elapsed: 00:00:00.46
SQL> grant connect,resource,dba to carl;                         


Grant succeeded.


Elapsed: 00:00:00.02
SQL>

9 19c连接数据库分为两种方式

 一种为 alter session set container=orclpdb1;

[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus  as sysdba


SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Sat Feb 27 22:42:07 2021
Version 19.3.0.0.0


Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle.  All rights reserved.




Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0


SQL> show pdbs;


    CON_ID CON_NAME        OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
   2 PDB$SEED        READ ONLY  NO
   3 ORCLPDB1        READ WRITE NO
SQL> alter session set container=ORCLPDB1;


Session altered.


Elapsed: 00:00:00.00
SQL> show pdbs;


    CON_ID CON_NAME        OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
   3 ORCLPDB1        READ WRITE NO
SQL>

另一种更改 $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus carl/oracle@orclpdb1


SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Sat Feb 27 22:47:18 2021
Version 19.3.0.0.0


Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Last Successful login time: Sat Feb 27 2021 22:45:03 +08:00


Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0


SQL>


数据运维技术 » CENTOS Linux 下 ORACLE 19C RPM 安装详细步骤
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